Manufacture of containers and the like



March 7, 1944. scusA 2,343,331

MANUFACTURE OF CONTAINERS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12, 1939 14Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR i M BY WW ATTORN EYJ March 1,' 1944. SC SA2,343,331

MANUFACTURE OF CONTAINERS AND THE Filed Jail. 12, 1939' 14 Sheets-Sheet2 o INVENTIOR ATTORNEYS March 7, 1914. 1.. scusA MANUFACTURE OFCONTAINERS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12, 1959 14 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORWqh TTORNEY- March 7, 1944. L. SCUSA MANUFACTURE OF CONTAINERS AND THELIKE l4 Sheets-Sheet 4 F'il ed Jan. 12, 1939 n ..|l||l|||| l ll|1l ll||| lllllllllllllllllllll II mmnunulzm .INVENTOR W TTORNEYS March 7,1944. L. scusA MANUFACTURE OF CONTAINERS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12,1939 14 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR 1 TORNEYS Ma rch 7, 1944. L. scusAMANUFACTURE OF CONTAINERS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12, 1939 14Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR 4 44.0 M BY Wi A ATTORNEYS March 7, 1944. L S SA2,343,331

MANUFACTURE OF CONTAINERS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12, 1939 14Sheets-Sheet 7 D Q INVENTOR ATTORN EYJ March 7, 1944.

L. SCUSA MANUFACTURE OF CONTAINERS AND THE LIKE l4 Sheets-Sheet 8 FiledJan. 12, 1939 INVENTOR 7 ATTORNEYS Own mmv

Marsh 7, 1944. L SCUSA 2,343,33i

MANUFACTURE OF CONTAINERS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12, 1939 14Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENTOR TI'ORNEYS Mal ch 7,

L. SCUSA MANUFACTURE OF CONTAINERS AND THE LIKE l4 Sheets-Sheet l0INVENTOR BY 'W) 7C4.

- A'ITORNEY5 Filed Jan. 12, 1939' hwy 64w 30 N\w A5 4 mmw v \n v 5. 5 W

M arch 7, 1944. L. SCUSA MANUFACTURE OF cormnmns AND THE LIKE Filed Jan.12, I939 14 Sheets-Sheet ll INVENTOR 4 ATTORN EY-S March 7, 19. 1..SCUSA 2,343,331v

' MANUFACTURE OF CONTAINERS AND THEY LIKE -Fi1ed Jan. 12, 1939 14Sheets-Sheet 12 INVENTOR BY77/kJ/9h ATTORNEY March 7, 1944. L. sCus2,343,331

MANUFACTURE OF CONTAINERS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12, 1939 l4Sheets-Sheet l3 see 4 8 INVENTOR M BYW o ATTORNEYS March 7, 1944. 1;,sum 2,343,331

ACTURE OF CONTAI I .Scusa and Rudolph Kilian, now

Patented Mar. 7,

Lino Scusa, Phoenix;

New York, N. Y.,

Y., assiznor, by mesne asv signments, to Continental Can Company, Inc.,

a corporation of New York 4 Application January 12, 1939, Serial No.250,477

44 Claims.

This invention relates to the manufacture of container bodies, and moreparticularly to aprocess and apparatus for the rapid, continuous, and

complete production of container bodies'from a sheet of paper materialor the like.

The bodies as thus produced are adapted to have end closures appliedthereto and provide an inexpensive and easily destructible containeradapted to be used for a large variety'of purposes. When the interiorsurface of the container body has suitable impervious surfacing materialapplied thereto the container is particularly adapted for the packagingof food products, paints, oils, greases, and other oily or greasysubstances. 'I'he surfacing material which may be greaseproof incharacter is preferably applied to the paper sheet from which thecontainer body is wound but may be separately, applied to the formedcontainer body. When the body is formed from a previously treated sheetof paper material the raw edges at the inner seam and at the ends of'the body are preferably treated with a suitable impervious sealingmaterial prior to. the application of the end closures to preventwicking of the contents of the-filled container into the wall of thebody portion. Metal end closures are preferably used and they arecrimped onto the body portion in leakproof, sealed rela-- tionship withthe interior'thereof.

The invention provides .for the cutting of a sheet of paper material,preferably supplied from a large jumbo roll, into a plurality of stripsor blanks of suitable size to be wound on a mandrel into the form of aconvolute container body, for the simultaneous winding of a. pluralityof adhesively secured container bodies, for the application of labelsthereto, and for the discharge of the completed bodies. To effect therapid and continuous formation and discharge of the container bodies,complete with label attached, a plurality of mandrels are provided andthese mandrels are successively indexed to a plurality of stations wherethe winding of the paper strip into the form of adhesively securedcontainer bodies, the application of labels to the formed containers,and the discharge of com leted bodies ,are simultaneously performed.eference is made herein to a copending application Serial No. 1G5,352,filed September 23, 1937, by Lino Patent No. 2,163,318, and assigned tothe same assignee as this application and which likewise relates to aninvention of this same general character.

which provides for the high speed and quantity production of tightlywound container bodies which maintain their shape upon the completion ofthe winding operation and which are adapted to more readily receive endclosures in impervious, sealed relationship to the interior of the bodyand without damage to the paper body or any surfacing material thereon.

A *further objectis the provision of a process of this character inwhich the sheet of paper material is so treated as to cause asubstantial portion of the outer lap of the formed body including thetrailing end of the body blank to tend to curl upon itself and adhere tothe shape of the formed container body without the neces sity of aprolonged ironing operation to secure the edge of the sheet againstunwinding.

A further object isthe provision of a process of this character whichprovides for the forma-- tion of container bodies in which the thicknessof the paper material at the ends of the inner and outer seams isreduced to facilitate the application of end closures in impervious,sealed relationship to the interior of the body.

A further object is the provision of a process of this character whichprovides for the formation of container bodies in which the ends of theformed body flare outwardly to facilitate the application of, endclosures without injury to the paper body or any surfacing materialthereon. A further object is the provision of a process of thischaracter in which the paper material is so cut as to provide a blankhaving sharp,

One of the principal objects of the invention is the provision of aprocess of this character clean-cut, unfrayed side edges adapted toreadily receive a coating ofsealing material and prevent wicking of thecontents of the container body, and in which the severed edges are bentin such manner as to .cause the ends of the formed body to turn outwardto facilitate'application of the end closures without damage to thepaper body or the sealing material thereon.

A further object is to provide a process of this character for formingmulti-wall wound container bodies having reinforced end portions adaptedfor the reception of closure members thereon.

A further object is to provide a process of this character for formingmulti-wall wound container bodies having adhesive applied between thewall layers to secure the body in wound form, and in which the ends ofthe wound container body are reinforced by the application of anincreased quantity of adhesive to portions of the inner layers that lievadjacent the ends of he formed body. t

A further object is to provide a process of this character for formingcontainer bodies having an outer coating of adhesive for receiving alabel and inwhich the end portions of the body which are adapted toreceive closure members are substantially free of adhesive.

' A further object is the provision of a process of this character whichprovides for the ap lication of adhesive to secure the sheet in woundeontainer form-and inwhich an excess quantity of adhesive is applied atthe inner seamof the paper material to cause the inner edge of thematerial to be firmly held in position.

A further object is the provision of a simple and effective process forapplying a label in redetermined positioning with respect to the outer Afurther object is to provide a process for. formingwound'containerbodies in which a label is applied and adhesively securedin such man-- ner as to overlie the outer seam of the formed body andassist in holding the body in the wound form shortly after labelapplication begins. 4 r

A further object is to" provide simple. and effective apparatus forcarrying out the above described processes.

A further object is the provision in apparatus a of this character of animproved means for slitating roll or the like.

' seam of the formed container body and adhesively securing the same inposition thereon.

Fig. 6 is a similar'view illustrating a fragmentary portion of thesupply web after it has passed a modified skivlng cutter Fig. 7 is afragmentary elev tional view taken on the line '|'l of Fig. 4 andshowing a front view of the mechanism'for providing a curling tendencyin predetermined portions of the paper web;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 8-8of Fig. 7;

' strips and the feed means for advancing the trim strips through thetrim conveyor tubes;

supporting structure removed;

Fig; 12A is a detail view on an enlarged scale showing the support forthe slitter shaft;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary plan view of a mandrel 0 at the winding stationand the roll for applying adhesive tothe paper strips during'winding onthe mandrel and illustrates the relationship between: the up-bent sideedges of the body blanks and the grooves in the adhesive applying roll;

Fig. 13A is a fragmentary sectional view 1 through one end of acontainer body complete 'with label attached;

Fig. 14 is a. fragmentary elevational view of the pair of feed rollswhich advance the paper' strips from the slitter means to the windingmandrel;

A further object is to provide a wound conhaving stiffened end portionsflaring slightly outwardly to receive end closures thereon.

Other objectsand advantages will be apparent from the followingdescription, the appended claims, and the accompanying drawings, in

which:- r

7 Fig.1 is a side elevational. view. partly broken away, of a machineconstructed in accordance with the invention anddesignated, whenconsidered from the supply or feeding end, as a right-hand elevationalview;

. Fig. 2 is a similar elevational view taken from the opposite side ofthe machine and designated as a left-hand elevational view;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the machine;

Fig; 3A is a partial sectional view of one form of the device forreducing the thickness of the paper material;

Fig. 4 is an elevational view, somewhat diagrammatic in character, andlooking toward the right-hand side of the machine;

Fig. 5 isa view illustrating a fragmentary portion of the supply webafter it has passed a skiving cutter:

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary elevational view looking towards the right-handside of the machine and showing a inodifled form of the'slitter meansand the feed rolls for advancing the paper strips. from the slitter tothe winding mandrel;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary elevational view taken entire line 16-16 ofFig. 15; :Fig. 1'7 is a fragmentary elevation of the modified form offeed rolls illustrated in Fig. 15;

Fig. 18 is a fragmentary view looking towards the delivery end of themachine and showing the mandrel assembly in elevation;

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on-the line Iii-i9 of Fig.18 and showing'a portion of the-mandrel assembly structure;

Fig. 20 is a fragmentary sectional view taken as indicated at 2020 onFig. 18 and showing the driven ends of the mandrels; I

Fig. 2115 a fragmentary sectional view taken on the plane of Fig. 20 butlooking in the opposite direction as indicated by the line 2l--2i onFig. 18 and showing the mandrel driving heads and guiding track inelevation;-

Fig. 5A is a cross sectional view through the.

Fig. 22 is a diagrammatic illustration looking in the direction of Fig.20 with the partsof Fig. 21 superimposed thereon:

Fig. 23 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view illustrating the relationshipbetween the seams of bihe container body and the positioning of the la1; l

Fig. 24 is a fragmentary elevational view looking towards the right-handside of the machine and showing the indexing stop and tensioningmechanism for the mandrel driving headat the winding-station;

'Fig. 26 but Fig. 25 is a sectional view taken transversely of themandrel to'illustrate the gripping and expanding mechanism;

Fig. 26 is a-sectional view taken on the line 26-26 of Fig 25;

Fig. 27 is a sectional view taken similanly to tion;

illustrating the parts 'in a different I Fig. 29 is an enlargedfragmentary plan view showing the positioning of the gripper on themandrel; Fig. 30 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line30-30111 Fig. 29 and showing a detent means for releasably locking thegripper in a predetermined positioning relative to, the mandrel;

Fig. 31 is a fragmentary elevational view looking towards theright-hand'side of the machine and showing the mechanism for applying.an initial coating of adhesive on a predetermined portion of the bodyblanks that directly overlies the leading end of the blank when wound ona mandrel at the winding station;

Fig. 32 is a fragmentary elevational view looking towards the right-handside-of the machine and showing the mechanism for scraping adhesive,from the grooves in the adhesive apply-'- ing roll during apredetermined portion of the operating cycle of the machine;

Fig. 33 is a fragmentary view taken transversely of the machine on theline 3342 of Fig. 4 and illustrating a portion of the label pplyingmechanism;

Fig. 34 is a fragmentary side elevational view taken at right angles tothe plane of Fig. 33;

Fig. 35 is an elevational view of one of the cams for controlling theoperation of the label applying mechanism;

Fig. 36 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view looking towards the left-handside of the machine and illustrating the position of the label mechanismat the beginning and end of the label applying operation;

station.

Fig. 37 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view looking towards the chine andillustrating one step in the label aplying operation;

.Fig..38 is' a fragmentary diagrammatic view looking towards theleft-hand side of the machine and illustrating a second step in thelabel applying operation;

Fig. 39 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view looking towards the left-handside of the machine and illustrating a third step in the label applyingmechanism;

Fig. 40 is a fragmentary diagrammatic'vicw looking towards the left-handside of the maleft-hand'side of the ma- 1 and identified as theright-hand side of the machine has the frame member indicated by thenumeral ll, while that side of the'machine illustrated in Fig. 2 anddesignated as the lefthand side' of the machine has the main framemember designated by the numeral i2.

The machine organization is soarranged that all of the several operatingparts are actuated from a single power source which is illustrated as amotor H in Fig. 4. As shown in this view the drive from the motorcomprises a'belt' l5 which connects the motor to a pulley ii that isfixed on a shaft IT. The shaft IT projects through the left-hand framemember l2 and has affixed thereto a hand wheel l8 by which the 'machinemay be moved manually. The shaft l'l carries a pinion l9 which mesheswith a large gear 20 that is carried by a shaft 2!. The shaft 2| alsocarries a pinion 22 and a driving connection betweenthe gear 20 and thepinion 2| is selectively. obtained through the medium of a clutch (notshown) which operates therebetween. Pinion 22 meshes with a large gear23 v.that is fixed to a shaft 24 from which driving the ends of theframe members II and I2. The

' arms are constructed to rotatably carry the shaft chine andillustrating a fourth step in the label applying operation; and

Fig. 41 is a fragmentary detail view of the mechanism for guiding thepaper strips into the grippers carried by a mandrel at the windingReferring to the drawings which illustrate. a preferred embodiment ofthe invention, and in which like reference characters designate likeparts in the several views, the machine is shown as comprising a unitaryorganization in which the various operative parts'are supported inproper operative relationship by means of a main frame structure havingside members H and I2. That side of the machine'illustrated in Fig.-

principally greaseproof 32 of the supply roll'3ll.

As mentioned briefly above, the paper may be given a. surface coating torender it impervious to the passage of the container contents. In thecase of containers that are used for an oily substance the surfacing isin the nature of a greaseproofing treatment and may comprise a compositelayer of which the initial coatingfunctions to impart flexibility andthe final coating is in character. Satisfactory results have beenobtained where the greaseproof layer comprises a, cellulose estermaterial such as nitrocellulose and the coating surfacing formed inaccordance with the Swan patents, 1,957,368; 1,957,369- and 2,039,361,assigned to the same assignee as this application.

The paperweb which is designated by the numeral 33 is unwound fromtheroll 30 by means of a. pair of feed rolls 34 and 35 which advance.the web into a position to be sheared by a cutofi' knife into sheetshaving a length in the direc- 35 are intermittently driven to advancethe proper length of paper web in coordinated timed relationship to theoperation of the cut-off knife. This intermittent drive of the feedrolls is obtained through a rockabie member 36 that is freely on theshaft 43 pivoted'to the machine frame at 3'1 and carries a gear se tor38. The member 35 is driven from the continuously rotating shaft 28 bymeans of a crank arm 28 (Fig. 2) which is carried by the shaft 28 andconnects with a slide block 39 at is reciprocal in a guideway 43-of themember 35. The gear sector 38 meshes with a gear 4! which in turn mesheswith a gear 42 that turns of the lower feed roll 35.

As shown in Fig. 2 the gear 42 carries a plate 44 that carries a pawl 45that is adapted to engage the teeth of a ratchet 46 fixed to the shaft43 of the. lower feed roll. The feed rolls 34 and 35 are intergeared sothat'rotation of the lower roll causes a corresponding rotation of theupper roll. Rotation of the shaft 28 rocks the member 36 which resultsin advance of the. feed rolls through the medium of the pawl and ratchetconnection during one direction of travel of the member 35. Thisadvancing movement is timed with respect to other operations of themachine so that paper feed occurs at a proper time of the operatingcycle of the machine.

minimize the possibility of slippage in'the feed rolls. Themountingohthe feed rolls is also such that they may be urged togetherunder tension to provide a positive drive. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 theupper feed roll is carried by brackets 58 that are pivotally mounted onthe side frames II and I2 and are provided with arms 5| that projectlaterally of the/ brackets adjacent the side frames. Coil springs 53 areprovided between the side frames and the under side of the arms 5| andact upon the arms to urge the upper roller 34 towards the lower roller35. This movement is limited by members 54lwhich are provided withshoulders 55 adapted to engage the upper side of the arms 5| and have ascrew threaded connection with the side frames of the machine. Handles56 are provided for rotating the members 54 to adjust the elevation ofthe shoulders 55. The position of shoulder 55 may thus be varied toadjust and limit the gap between the feed rolls, and the member 54additionally provides a means for causing a relatively wide separationbetween the feed rolls for Y the initial threading of the paper web.

Utilization of ajumbo roll as a supply sourcepermits continued operationof the'machine for an extended period as the rolls as furnished have V adiameter of the order of 48 inches. To insure and maintain positioningof the paper supply with respect to the feed roll operation so that thesupply roll may not overrun at the end of the feeding movement and maynot, as a result of some condition of overbalance existing in the roll,tend to turn backwards at the end of feeding movement the machine isprovided with means to positively stop the supply roll at theply rollupon termination of the feeding stroke.-

As shown in Fig- 2 the roll supporting arm 8| extending from the sideframe l2 carries a brake mechanism 68 adapted to engage a brake drum 6|removably attached to the shaft 82 of the roll 88. Adjustable springmeans 82 normally applies a braking pressure on the drum 8|. The brakeis actuated into the off position in which the roll 38 is free to turnby means of a cam 63 carried by the shaft 28 and a suitablelinkagemechanism- 6-4. The contour of the cam 83 is such that the spring62 is compressed to effect release of the brake at the beginning of thefeeding stroke to thus enable the supply roll to start and gain momentumwitha minimum of resistance. The cam is preferably so formed that thebrake is applied after the roll comes up to speed, thus exerting acontinuing tension during feeding of the paper web. The drum 6| isremovably. attached to the shaft 32 of the supply roll by means of aspline collar- 65 which is keyed to the drum for axial movement relativeto the drum and shaft 32 and is adapted to engage a correi0 spondingspline provided on'one end of the supply roll shaft. The supplvroll maybe readily inserted-or withdrawn by sliding the collar 55 out ofengagement with the splined endof the supply roll shaft. v

To insure proper and accurate termination of feed roll movement at theend of the feeding stroke to .thus avoid an overrun due to inertia thelower feed roll shaft 43 is provided at its right-hand end with a disk18 having a pair of diametrically opposed notches II. A rock member 12provided at its. upper end with a roller 13 that is adapted to bereceived within the peripheral notches 1| is pivotally supported on theside frame IL as indicated at I4 in Fig. l

that rides over the'periphery of a disk cam 18 carried by the shaft 28.The contoin' of the cam 16 is such that the member 12 is rocked tobring: the roller 13 into engagement with one of the notches II at thetermination of the feeding'stroke to thus lock the feeding mechanism.The proportioning of the feeding parts is such that each feeding strokecomprises oneand onehalf revolutions of the feed rolls 34 and 35 andthus. one of the'notches is carried into proper registering position atthe termination of each feeding stroke. The member 12 incorporates asafety device to prevent breakage in case the gproper relationshipofmovements is not main-- tained. As shown in Fig. 1 the roller 151scarried by a short arm 'I'I that is pivoted at" to .the lower end of therock member 12 and normally forms an extension thereof. Springtensioning means IS-maintains the arm H in flxed.relation'- ship withrespect to the rock arm 12 during nor- -mal operation .of the machinebut permits relative movement between these two parts should the roller13 fall to engage one of the notches ,l. a As mentioned above a cut-offknife is provided to shear the supply web into sheets having therequired length to form a container body of the desired number of turnsof paper material. This lmife is'indicated generally'by the numeral 85in the plan view of Fig. 3 and comprises a lower stationary bladeextending across the entire width of the paper web and an upper movableblade that extendstransversely of the machine and is guided at itsopposite end-within upright 00 guide members 86 carried by the framemembers ii and I2. Knife movement is obtained through the medium of alinkage which is operated by a cam attachedto the shaft 28 whichcontrols the operation of the feed rolls 34 and 35. As shown in Fig. 4the upper knife blade has links 81 pivotally connected to its oppositeends and these links are connected at their lower ends to rock arms 88that are mounted on a cross shaft 88 that extends through the machineparallel to and' in a cam plate 93 that is fixed to the shaft andv I (Iprovides the actuating movement for the knife.

and is provided at its lower end with a roller 15" Movement of the arms88 to reciprocate the knife 4 is obtained through rotation of shaft 89in respouse to movement of roller 9I in cam groove 92. The contour ofthe cam track 92 is such that a proper reciprocating motion is affordedfor the knife during the dwell period in the'operation of the feed rolls34 and 35. To provide a releasable drive for the knife to prevent damageto the the medium of an auxiliary arm 94 that is attached to the shaft89 for movement therewith and is provided at its outer end 95 with areleasable connection with the arm 88. Undernormal conditions ofoperation the arm 94 drives the knife arm 88 throughv this connectionbut any unusually heavy load will cause the connection to release andpermit the driving arm 94 to move independently of the arm 88. A releaseof this character may also be provided for the arm 88 at the left-handside of the machine.

The feed rolls 34 and 35 advance the paper web upon a table I and aproper positioning of the paper sheet is maintained during the shearingoperation through provision of holding means carried by the upper knifeand acting upon the table I00. As shown in Fig. 4 this means comprises apresser bar IOI which extends across the operating width of the tableandis carried by a plurality of vertically extending rods I03 mounted ina U-shaped bracket I02 attached to the upper knife blade. The rods I03are axially movable in the bracket and are provided with collars I04against which coil springs I05 arranged between the collars and theupper leg of the bracket act to urge the rods I03 and presser bar In Idownwardly. The lower leg of the bracket I02 acts as a stop to limit thedownward'move- I 'ment' of the rods and presser bar andtthus provides aspacing between the presser bar and the table when the upper blade is inits upper retracted position. When, however, the upper knife descends onits cutting stroke the presser bar engages the paper web on the tableand exerts a holding pressure thereon through the medium of the springsI05. J During the advance of the paper web beneath the knife, andadvance of the severed sheets for further processing, the paper isprevented from lifting from the table I00 by provision of a structurewhich overlies the table I00 and comprises a plurality of spacedtransverse bars IIO that have fixed to the under side thereof spacedlongitudinal extending rods III beneath which the shearedsheets maypass; the rod ends being upturned as indicated at H2.

The machine'structure thus far described is generally similar to thatshown and described in the cope'nding Patent No. 2,163,318, and thestructure of the upper and lower shearing knives for severing the paperweb into the desired lengths is preferably of the character theredescribed to. provide a very clean shearing cut adapted to receiveacoating of sealing material to prevent wicking of the contents of theformed container into the paper wall portions thereof. Reference is madeto this copending application for tag more detailed description of theseseveral par To facilitate the application of metal and closures incrimped, leakproof relationship with respect to the wall 0,! thecontainer body a means is provided for reducing the thickness of thepaper material at the inner and outer seams of the formed container bodyto provide, portions of reduced thickness at the ends of the seams wherethe end closures are crimped to.the body wall, thereby avoiding abruptchanges in the thickness of the body wall at these points. This means isoperated by the shaft 28 in proper timed relationship tothe feed of thepaper web and provides for cutting away or skiving a portion of theuntreated or raw side of the paper web at predetermined areas which willlie at opposite ends of the blanks from which the container bodies arewound. Referring to Fig. 4 the web 33 as it unwinds from the roll 30passes beneath two spaced guide rolls I I5 and I I6 between which ismounted a shaft III that carries a plurality of skiving cutters II8. Asshown in Fig. 3A the cutters are removably mounted in adjustable.

spaced relation on shaft II'I. The shaft .1 is so positioned that aspace is normally provided between the cutters H8 and the paper web asit I passes beneath the guide rollers" H5 and H6 so that the cutters donot normally cut into the paper material. I

The paper web is raised into contact with the skiving cutters at theproper point in the operating cycle by means of a vertically movablepresser plate I I9 that extends transversely of the machine beneath thecutters H8 and is adapted to engage the under side of the web and pressthe upper side thereof against the skiving cutters.

The weight of the plate H9 is such that it normally occupies a loweredposition in which it rests on transverse guide bars I20. The table israised to its upper position in which the cutters II8 cut into the paperweb by means of a rock cam I2I that operates upon a member I22 that 4extends downwardly fromthe plate II9 between I the guide bars I20. Themember I 22 also serves to guide the table II9 during its verticalmovement. The cam I2I is mounted upon a rotatable shaft l23 suitablysupported on the frame structure andis rocked by means of an arm I24that is pivotally connected at I25 to a. link I28. The link I26 ispivotally connected at I27 to one end of an arm I28 that is pivotallymounted on the machine structure by means of a shaft 129.

- The arm I28 is provided with a finger I30 that the cutter shaft 1.having a greaseproof or other surfacing thereonisused the web is'sowound on the jumboroll that the treated surface of the paper lies on we:

projects into the path of the roller 9I carried by the shearing knifeoperating arm and is adapted to be engaged by a laterally projectingportion of the roller 9I upon upward movement thereof in the cam' track92. The positioning of the finger I30 is such that as the roller 9Imoves upwardly in the inwardly extending portion of the cam track 92 thelaterally projecting portion of the roller engages the finger and swingsit upwardly about the pivot I29. This causes the arm I28 to rock the camI2I in such manner as to raise the plate H9 and press the paper webagainst the skiving cutters II8. The contour of the cam I2] is such thatwhen the plate I I9 is raised to its upwardposition the skiving cuttersover a sprocket I32 carried by the continuously ro ating shaft 28 and asprocket I38 carried by When a paper material underside of the web as itisunwoundfrom thickness of the paper material is removed. The cuttersII8 are rotated by/means of a chain I3I that runs jumbo roll by the feedrolls 3435 and the paper material is skived on its raw or untreatedside.

The table I I9 is lowered at the end of the skiving operation .by meansof spring I3I' that pulls upward on the arm I28 and rocks the cam I2I tothe position illustrated when the finger I30 is lowered by roller 3|.

- As mentioned above the paper web is skived at predetermined areaswhich will lie at the seams of the formed container body and provideportions of reduced thickness at both ends of the seams where the endclosures are crimped to the body Wall. a fragmentary portion of the web33 asit is advanced in the directionbf the arrow by the feed means, thedash lines I35 indicate the lines along which the web is severed intosheets by means of Referring to Fig. 5 which illustrates formed body toflatten out and pull away from the cut-oft knife as and the hash linesI36 indicate the lines along which the severed sheets are slit intostrips or blanks. I31 by slitting means hereinafter described. Each ofthe blank portions I3! is subsequently wound into the form of aconvolute container bodywith the leading edgeof the blank defined by theupper line I35 forming the inner seam andthe trailing end of the blankdefined by the lower line I35 forming the outer seam. In the preferredembodiment of the invention the positioning and width ofthe cutters I I8is such that the skivedareas I38 are substantially rectangular in theplan view, as shown in Fig. 5, and are centereden the intersection ofthe lines I35 and I30 to provide cut-away Portions at each. of the fourcomers of the blanks I3'|. Since the skiving operation takes place whenthe web is at rest the cutters I I8 are positioned from the shearingknife 84 by a distance along the path of web feet that is equal to thelength of the blanks I If desired a skiving cutter that extends acrossthe entire width of the paper web may be used in place of a plurality ofspaced cutters. In Fig. 6 there is illustrated a fragmentary portion ofa web 33' that has been skived in this in er. As shown the skived areas-I38 extend across the the adjacent wall portion after the bodies arestripped from the mandrel assuming the position of a chord withrespect,to the cylindricalcontainer wall, thus producing a seepageopening into the wall portion of the body and preventing; the readyapplication of end closures thereon. In

order to overcome the-springing tendency of the outer and inner laps andprovide a container- I body in which both laps remain in place withoutthe necessity for prolonged ironing during the forming operation or aseparateironing operation. a breaker mechanism is provided which bends aportion of the paper web in such manner as to cause av substantialportion of the leading and trailing ends of the severed blank to tend tocurl sheet;- it being sumclent to merely reduce the normal tendency ofthe web to spring away to such point that it may be held in place by theadhesive. This mechanism is shown in Figs. 4.

'7 and 8 of the drawings and comprises an angle bar I40 which extendstransversely of the machine and is supported at its ends by anglebrackets I. As shown in Fig. "(the brackets I are pivotally supported onthe side frames II and I2 by means of bearings I42 and pivot pins I43which'permit rocking oi the angle bar about an axis extendingtransversely of the machine. A transverse r'od I44 having'a circularcross section of small diameter, in the order of to /4 of an inch forexample, extends along the upper edge of the upstanding leg I45 of theangle" bar I40 and provides a curved surface of relatively small radiusover which the desired portion of the paper web is adapted to be drawn,such operation providin entire width'of the blanks m' defined by the.

dash lines-I35 and- I36. The areas I38 have a length inthe direction offeed as indicated by the arrow that is approximately the same as in theareas I38 of Fig. 5 and these areas are centered on the cut-oil! linesI35 to provide portions of reduced thickness at both the inner andouterseams of each container body. in either embodiment of the inventiona portion of the paper material is cut away at each of the four cornersof the 'blank to provide, when the blankis wound into the form of aconvolute container body, portionspt-reduced thickness at both ends ofthe body --wall:at the completion of the forming operation and, prior tothe application of a label thereto andtoassume a position tangent to themachine. The contour of the cam I 5| is such that the desired breakingaction in the web while avoiding disruption of the impervious character'of'a greaseproof sheet. The rod I44 is received within an arcuate seatI46 provided'along the upper end of the member I45 and is attached tothe member I45 at its ends only. The member I I45 is provided with aplurality of tapped openings I41 which extend upwardly through themember,at spaced intervals along the length thereof and are adapted toreceive adjusting screws I48 which extend upwardly through the openingsand'engage the lower portion of the rod I44. means. tor'crowning the rodI44 to give it a desired transverse curvature corresponding to any Icurvature that may occur in. the paper web and providing for the uniformbending of the paper web across its entire width. A pair ofarms I49 arewelded or otherwise attached to the end of the. angle member I40 that isdistant from the pivot axis and these arms carry -a roller I50 whichrides on the surface of a disk cam I5I carried by the shaft 28substantially centrally of the at the proper. pointv in the operatingcycle the rod I44 is moved from a position in which the rod is spacedfrom the paper web, as illustrated in full lines in Fig. 4, to thedotted line position in Fig. 4

The adjusting screws I48 provide a a

